Gauge effects in bound-bound Rydberg transition matrix elements
نویسندگان
چکیده
Accurate data on electric-dipole transition matrix elements (EDTMs) for bound-bound Rydberg-atom transitions have become increasingly important in science and technology. Here we compute radial EDTMs of rubidium length, velocity, acceleration forms electric-dipole-allowed between states with principal angular-momentum quantum numbers $n$ $\ensuremath{\ell}$ ranging from 15 to 100. Wave functions are computed based upon model potentials [Phys. Rev. A 49, 982 (1994)]. Length-gauge strong low-$\ensuremath{\ell}$ Rydberg transitions, often employed research technology, found deviate the fundamentally more accurate velocity-gauge form by approximately-$n$-independent series-dependent shifts. The shift amount peaks at about $0.34\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}e{a}_{0}$ Rb $nD\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}(n+1)P$ series, a particularly Rydberg-transition series Rb. corresponds relative EDTM corrections up $\ensuremath{\approx}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$, which can be concern high-precision applications. We discuss physical reasons observed gauge differences, explain conditions applicability velocity- length-gauge different present decision tree how choose EDTMs.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physical review
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['0556-2813', '1538-4497', '1089-490X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.105.012825